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Distinguish, differentiate, compare and explain what is the difference between Evaporation and Distillation. Comparison and Differences.
Evaporation
Evaporation is a type of phase transition; it is the process by which molecules in a liquid state (e.g water) spontaneously become gaseous (e.g water vapor). • The equipment used for evaporation is known as Evaporator.
Purpose of evaporation:
To concentrate solution by removing the vapor from a boiling liquid solution .
In the majority of cases, evaporation refers to the removal of water from an aqueous solution.
Example: concentration of aqueous solutions of sugar, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, glycerol, glue, milk, and orange juice.
In these cases the concentrated solution is the desired product and the evaporated water is normally discarded.
Distillation
Distillation refers to the selective boiling and subsequent condensation of a component in a liquid mixture.It is a separation technique that can be used to either increase the concentration of a particular component in the mixture or to obtain (almost) pure components from the mixture. The process of distillation exploits the difference in the boiling points of the components in the liquid mixture by forcing one of them into a gaseous state.
It is important to note that distillation is not a chemical reaction but it can be considered as a physical separation process.
Differences between Evaporation and Distillation
S.No. | Evaporation | Distillation |
1 | It is the process of vapourisation of solvent to get concentrated product. | It is the separation of constituents of a liquid mixture by vapourisation & again condensation. |
2 | Vapours are not collected. | Vapours are condensed & collected. |
3 | Concentrated product is obtainafter evaporation. | Distillate is obtained after distillation. |
4 | Used for obtaining concentrated products and removing impurities. | Used for separation and purification of liquids from mixture. |
Applications of evaporation
- Manufacturing of bulk drugs.
- Manufacturing of biological products.
- Manufacturing of food products.
- Manufacturing of demineralised water.
- Minimize the chances of chemical reactions.
- Prepare the product for next operation like drying.
- Improve product storage life.
- Decrease the impact of microbial growth.
Applications of Distillation
- Distillation plays an importantrole in many water purification techniques.Many desalination plants incorporate this method in order to obtain drinking water from sea water.
- Distilled waterhas numerous applications, such as in lead-acid batteries and low-volume humidifiers.
- Many fermented products such as alcoholic beverages are purified with the help of this method.
- Many perfumes and food flavorings are obtained from herbs and plants via distillation.
- Oilstabilization is an important type of distillation that reduces the vapor pressure of the crude oil, enabling safe storage and transportation.
- Air can be separated into nitrogen, oxygen,and argon by employing the process of cryogenic distillation.
- Distillation is also mployed on an industrial scale to purify the liquid products obtained from chemical synthesis.
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Difference between Distillation vs Evaporation
Evaporation vs Distillation
Differences between Distillation vs Evaporation
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